2,644 research outputs found
Comparing Fixed-amount and Progressive-amount DRO Schedules for Tic Suppression in Youth with Chronic Tic Disorders
Chronic tic disorders (CTDs) involve motor and/or vocal tics that often cause substantial distress and impairment. Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) schedules of reinforcement produce robust, but incomplete, reductions in tic frequency in youth with CTDs; however, a more robust reduction may be needed to affect durable clinical change. Standard, fixed‐amount DRO schedules have not commonly yielded such reductions, so we evaluated a novel, progressive‐amount DRO schedule, based on its ability to facilitate sustained abstinence from functionally similar behaviors. Five youth with CTDs were exposed to periods of baseline, fixed‐amount DRO (DRO‐F), and progressive‐amount DRO (DRO‐P). Both DRO schedules produced decreases in tic rate and increases in intertic interval duration, but no systematic differences were seen between the two schedules on any dimension of tic occurrence. The DRO‐F schedule was generally preferred to the DRO‐P schedule. Possible procedural improvements and other future directions are discussed
Remarkably robust and correlated coherence and antiferromagnetism in (CeLa)CuGe
We present magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, specific heat, and
thermoelectric power measurements on (CeLa)CuGe single
crystals (0 1). With La substitution, the antiferromagnetic
temperature is suppressed in an almost linear fashion and moves below
0.36 K, the base temperature of our measurements for 0.8. Surprisingly, in
addition to robust antiferromagnetism, the system also shows low temperature
coherent scattering below up to 0.9 of La, indicating a small
percolation limit 9 of Ce that separates a coherent regime from a
single-ion Kondo impurity regime. as a function of magnetic field was
found to have different behavior for 0.9. Remarkably,
at = 0 was found to be linearly proportional to . The
jump in the magnetic specific heat at as a function of
for (CeLa)CuGe follows the theoretical prediction
based on the molecular field calculation for the = 1/2 resonant level
model
Evaluation and implications of natural product use in preoperative patients: a retrospective review
Background:
Medication Reconciliation and Medication Safety are two themes emphasized in a variety of healthcare organizations. As a result, health care facilities have established methods for obtaining a patient's medication history. However, these methods may vary among institutions or even among the health care professionals in a single institution, and studies have shown that patients are reluctant to disclose their complementary and alternative medicine use to any health care professional. This lack of disclosure is important in surgical patients because of potential herbal interactions with medications and drugs used during the surgical procedure; and the potential for adverse reactions including effects on coagulation, blood pressure, sedation, electrolytes or diuresis. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to identify patterns of natural product use, to identify potential complications among patients scheduled for surgery, to improve existing medication reconciliation efforts, and to develop discontinuation guidelines for the use of these products prior to surgery.
Methods:
A retrospective review of surgery patients presenting to the Anesthesia Preoperative Evaluation Clinic (APEC) at the University of Kansas Hospital was conducted to identify the prevalence of natural product use. The following data was collected: patient age; gender; allergy information; date of medication history; number of days prior to surgery; source of medication history; credentials of person obtaining the history; number and name of prescription medications, over-the-counter medications and natural products; and natural product dosage. Following the collection of data and analysis of the most common natural products used, possible complications and interactions were identified, and a protocol regarding the pre-operative use of natural products was developed and implemented.
Results:
Approximately one-fourth of patients seen in the APEC indicated the use of natural products. Patients taking natural products were significantly older, were more likely to undergo cardiac or chest surgery, and were more likely to be taking more prescription and non-prescription medications (all p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that there is a need for established guidelines regarding discontinuation of selected natural products prior to surgery and further education is needed concerning the perioperative implications of natural products
Impact Of Two-Stage Weaning On Calf Growth, Behavior, and Vocalizations
https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/student_scholarship_posters/1174/thumbnail.jp
Pro-inflammatory flagellin proteins of prevalent motile commensal bacteria are variably abundant in the intestinal microbiome of elderly humans
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Wheat bran promotes enrichment within the human colonic microbiota of butyrate-producing bacteria that release ferulic acid
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge support from the Scottish Government Food Land and People programme (RESAS). We would like to thank Lorraine Scobbie and Gary Duncan for technical support. Funding for JP, AWW and 454 pyrosequencing was provided by the Wellcome Trust (grant number 098051).Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Analysis of magnetization and a spin state crossover in the multiferroic CaCoMnO
Ca_3Co_{2-x}Mn_xO_6 (x ~ 0.96) is a multiferroic with spin-chains of
alternating Co(2+) and Mn(4+) ions. The spin state of Co(2+) remains
unresolved, due to a discrepancy between high temperature X-ray absorption
(S=3/2) and low temperature neutron (S=1/2) measurements. Using a combination
of magnetic modeling and crystal-field analysis, we show that the existing low
temperature data cannot be reconciled within a high spin scenario by invoking
spin-orbit or Jahn-Teller distortions. To unify the experimental results, we
propose a spin-state crossover with specific experimental predictions.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Muon Simulations for Super-Kamiokande, KamLAND and CHOOZ
Muon backgrounds at Super-Kamiokande, KamLAND and CHOOZ are calculated using
MUSIC. A modified version of the Gaisser sea level muon distribution and a
well-tested Monte Carlo integration method are introduced. Average muon energy,
flux and rate are tabulated. Plots of average energy and angular distributions
are given. Implications on muon tracker design for future experiments are
discussed.Comment: Revtex4 33 pages, 16 figures and 4 table
Development of light weight magnesium alloys for low temperature applications Annual progress report, Jun. 19, 1965 - Mar. 20, 1966
Lightweight magnesium alloys for cryogenic application
A mathematical model for fibro-proliferative wound healing disorders
The normal process of dermal wound healing fails in some cases, due to fibro-proliferative disorders such as keloid and hypertrophic scars. These types of abnormal healing may be regarded as pathologically excessive responses to wounding in terms of fibroblastic cell profiles and their inflammatory growth-factor mediators. Biologically, these conditions are poorly understood and current medical treatments are thus unreliable.
In this paper, the authors apply an existing deterministic mathematical model for fibroplasia and wound contraction in adult mammalian dermis (Olsenet al., J. theor. Biol. 177, 113–128, 1995) to investigate key clinical problems concerning these healing disorders. A caricature model is proposed which retains the fundamental cellular and chemical components of the full model, in order to analyse the spatiotemporal dynamics of the initiation, progression, cessation and regression of fibro-contractive diseases in relation to normal healing. This model accounts for fibroblastic cell migration, proliferation and death and growth-factor diffusion, production by cells and tissue removal/decay.
Explicit results are obtained in terms of the model processes and parameters. The rate of cellular production of the chemical is shown to be critical to the development of a stable pathological state. Further, cessation and/or regression of the disease depend on appropriate spatiotemporally varying forms for this production rate, which can be understood in terms of the bistability of the normal dermal and pathological steady states—a central property of the model, which is evident from stability and bifurcation analyses.
The work predicts novel, biologically realistic and testable pathogenic and control mechanisms, the understanding of which will lead toward more effective strategies for clinical therapy of fibro-proliferative disorders
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